Global Crop Monitor Classification System

Global Crop Monitor Crop Condition Classes

Crop condition classes observed in the Global Crop Monitor system are the same as with the AMIS and Early Warning Crop Monitor for each respective country. The “Poor” class threshold has been adjusted to be 5% - 25% below-average due to the highly variable yields found in many early warning regions. Additionally, a “Failure” class has been added to designate when crop yields are expected to be more than 25% below-average.

Condition Definition
Exceptional Crop conditions are above average, with crop yields estimated at 5–10% or more above average. This label is used during the grain-filling through harvest stages.
Favourable Crop conditions range from slightly below to slightly above average at reporting time, with crop yields estimated within 5–10% of average.
Watch Crop conditions are not far from average, but there is a potential risk to final yields. There is still time and possibility for the crop to recover to average conditions if the ground situation improves. This label is used during the planting–early vegetative and the vegetative–reproductive stages.
Poor Crop conditions are below average, with crop yields estimated at 5–10% below average. This label is used during the grain-filling through harvest stages when crops are not likely to recover.
Failure Crop conditions are well below average, with crop yields estimated at 25% or more below average. This label is used during the grain-filling through harvest stages when crops are not likely to recover.
Out-of-Season Crops are not currently planted or in development during this time.
No data No reliable source of data is available at this time.

* “Average” refers to the mean conditions over the most recent 5 years. In areas where conflict is a driver of crop conditions, current conditions are compared to the pre-conflict average rather than the average conditions over the past 5 years. In areas where conflict is protracted, based on expert analysis on a case by case basis, crop conditions will be compared to the average conditions over the past 5 years. 

Drivers of crop conditions are provided for all conditions which are other-than-favourable.

Drivers of Crop Conditions

Crop Condition Table
Driver Definition
Wet Wetter than average (includes water logging and floods).
Dry Drier than average.
Hot Hotter than average.
Cold Cooler than average or frost damage.
Extreme Events Catch-all for all other climate risks (i.e. hurricane, typhoon, frost, hail, winter kill, wind damage, etc.). When this category is used the analyst will also specify the type of extreme event in the text.
Delayed Onset A late enough start to the season that it may impact full crop development.
Pest & Disease Destructive insects, birds, animals, or plant disease.
Socio-economic Social or economic factors that impact crop conditions (i.e. policy changes, agricultural subsidies, government intervention, etc.)
Conflict Armed conflict or civil unrest that is preventing the planting, working, or harvesting of the fields by the farmers.

Crop Condition Index

The Crop Condition Index is a simple system to summarize the global crop condition for each of the crops monitored by the GEOGLAM Crop Monitors. Based only on crops that are currently in season and are not classified as having “No Data”. The indicator is calculated for each crop using the percent of active crops in each of the five active categories (Exceptional, Favourable, Watch, Poor, and Failure). The formula is calculated as follows.

Crop Condition Index = ((5 x Exceptional) + (4 x Favourable) + (3 x Watch) + (2 x Poor) + (1 x Failure))/100

The crop index is considered “Positive”, with a green-coloured crop symbol, when the index value is between 5.0 and 3.75. The crop index is considered “Mixed”, with an orange-coloured crop symbol, when the index value is between 3.74 and 3.25. The crop index is considered “Negative”, with a dark red-coloured crop symbol, when the index value is between 3.24 and 1.0.

Crop Condition Index from the April 2025 publication (conditions as of March 28th)

Crop Condition Index Comparisons

Crop index changes are measured between the current month’s value compared to the previous month’s value, and last year’s value. If the value changes by 0.10 (2%) or more, a change is indicated for either “better” (indicated by an up arrow) or “worse” (indicated by a down arrow) compared to the previous time step. Otherwise, crop conditions are considered “Stable” (indicated by a dash).

Crop Season Nomenclature

In countries that contain multiple cropping seasons for the same crop, the following chart identifies the national season name associated with each crop season within the Crop Monitor. Within the Crop Monitors the larger producing season (most recent 5 years) has been assigned to the first season.

EW Table
Region Country Crop Season 1 Name Season 2 Name Season 3 Name
Afghanistan Central & South Asia Maize Second season N/A N/A
Afghanistan Central & South Asia Rice Second season N/A N/A
Afghanistan Central & South Asia Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
Argentina South America Maize Early-planted crop (usually larger season) Late-planted crop (usually smaller season) N/A
Argentina South America Soybean Spring-planted Summer-planted N/A
Bangladesh Southeast Asia Maize Winter (Rabi) Summer (Kharif) N/A
Bangladesh Southeast Asia Rice Boro Aman Aus
Bangladesh Southeast Asia Wheat Rabi N/A N/A
Benin West Africa Maize Main season Second season N/A
Brazil South America Maize Summer-planted crop (larger season) Spring-planted crop (smaller season) N/A
Burundi East Africa Maize Season B Season A N/A
Burundi East Africa Rice Season B N/A N/A
Cambodia Southeast Asia Maize Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Cambodia Southeast Asia Rice Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Cameroon West Africa Maize Main season Second season N/A
Canada North America Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
China East Asia Maize Spring-planted Summer-planted N/A
China East Asia Rice Single-season Late-season Early-season
China East Asia Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
Cote d'Ivoire West Africa Maize Main season Second season N/A
Cuba Central America & Caribbean Rice Main season Second season N/A
Democratic Republic of the Congo Southern Africa Maize Main season Second season N/A
Egypt Middle East & North Africa Maize Summer-planted N/A N/A
Egypt Middle East & North Africa Rice Summer-planted Nili season (Nile Flood) N/A
El Salvador Central America & Caribbean Beans Primera Postrera N/A
El Salvador Central America & Caribbean Maize Primera Segunda N/A
Ethiopia East Africa Maize Meher season Belg season N/A
Ghana West Africa Maize Main season Second season N/A
Guatemala Central America & Caribbean Beans Primera Postrera Apante
Guatemala Central America & Caribbean Maize Primera Segunda N/A
Haiti Central America & Caribbean Beans Printemps Été Hiver
Haiti Central America & Caribbean Maize Printemps Été N/A
Haiti Central America & Caribbean Rice Main season Second season N/A
Honduras Central America & Caribbean Beans Primera Postrera N/A
Honduras Central America & Caribbean Maize Primera Segunda N/A
India South Asia Maize Kharif Rabi N/A
India South Asia Rice Kharif Rabi N/A
Indonesia Southeast Asia Maize Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Indonesia Southeast Asia Rice Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Kazakhstan Central & South Asia Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
Kenya East Africa Maize Long Rains Short Rains N/A
Kyrgyzstan Central & South Asia Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
Lao People's Democratic Republic Southeast Asia Maize Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Lao People's Democratic Republic Southeast Asia Rice Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Malaysia Southeast Asia Maize Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Malaysia Southeast Asia Rice Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Mali West Africa Rice Main season Off-season N/A
Mauritania West Africa Rice Main season Off-season N/A
Mexico North America Maize Spring-Summer (larger season) Autumn-Winter crop (smaller season) N/A
Mexico North America Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
Mozambique Southern Africa Maize Main season Second season N/A
Myanmar Southeast Asia Maize Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Myanmar Southeast Asia Rice Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Nepal Southeast Asia Rice Main season Spring season N/A
Nicaragua Central America & Caribbean Beans Primera Postrera Apante
Nicaragua Central America & Caribbean Maize Primera Segunda N/A
Nigeria West Africa Maize Main season Short season N/A
Nigeria West Africa Rice Main season Off-season N/A
Pakistan Central & South Asia Rice Kharif (summer) N/A N/A
Pakistan Central & South Asia Wheat Rabi N/A N/A
Philippines Southeast Asia Maize Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Philippines Southeast Asia Rice Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Russian Federation Europe Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
Rwanda East Africa Maize Season B Season A N/A
Somalia East Africa Maize Gu Season Deyr Season N/A
Somalia East Africa Sorghum Gu Season Deyr Season N/A
South Sudan East Africa Maize First Season N/A N/A
South Sudan East Africa Millet First Season N/A N/A
South Sudan East Africa Sorghum First Season N/A N/A
Sri Lanka Southeast Asia Maize Maha Yala N/A
Sri Lanka Southeast Asia Rice Maha Yala N/A
Tajikistan Central & South Asia Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
Thailand Southeast Asia Maize Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Thailand Southeast Asia Rice Wet-season Dry-season N/A
Togo West Africa Maize Main season Second season N/A
Uganda East Africa Maize First Season Second Season N/A
United Republic of Tanzania East Africa Maize Bimodal: Masika; Unimodal: Msimu Vuli N/A
United Republic of Tanzania East Africa Millet Bimodal: Masika; Unimodal: Msimu N/A N/A
United Republic of Tanzania East Africa Rice Bimodal: Masika; Unimodal: Msimu N/A N/A
United Republic of Tanzania East Africa Sorghum Bimodal: Masika; Unimodal: Msimu Vuli N/A
United Republic of Tanzania East Africa Wheat Bimodal: Masika; Unimodal: Msimu N/A N/A
United States of America North America Wheat Winter-planted Spring-planted N/A
Vietnam Southeast Asia Rice North: Main wet-season (seasonal) & Other wet-season (summer-autumn); South: Main wet-season (summer-autumn) & Other wet-season (autumn-winter and seasonal) Dry-season (winter-spring) N/A